Showing posts with label Memory. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Memory. Show all posts
Memory Improvement
This area of the specification is certainly going to come in handy around exam time...memory improvement.
You need to:
Know and be able to describe techniques for improving memory
Be able to apply memory improvement techniques to a range of scenarios
Be able to explain why/how each of the techniques actually works.
You'll find all of the information you need below
Age
The final factor that can affect the accuracy of EWT is the age of the witness.
Following a discussion in class it was identified that you think that children and O.A.Ps are the worst eyewitnesses...and ou're right!
As usual the presentation and note sheet are below
Anxiety
Another factor that can have a negative impact on the accuracy of eyewitness testimony is anxiety.
It has been widely researched and laboratory studies have found that high levels of anxiety have resulted in poor recall of an event, however real life studies tell a different story...
Eyewitness testimony
Start off by watching the video below and testing your own awareness...
Eyewitness testimony refers to evidence provided in court by a witness of an incident, there have been many debates as to how reliable any testimony is due to the various ways in which memories can be distorted.
You will be expected to know how several factors can influence the accuracy of recall, this page focusses on the role of misleading information.
Working memory model
This is the second model of memory you need to know, most importantly you need to be aware of why it was even created...
 |
| Once upon a time... |
...when the multi-store model was heavily criticised by research/case studies that demonstrated that the stores were not unitary as MSM suggested Baddeley and Hitch (1974) created a model that focussed on the movement of information within the STM.
Multi-store model of Memory
This is the first of 2 models of memory that you need to know for the exam.
This means that is it a suggestion as to how information travels from the environment to our long-term memory.
The multi-store model is pretty straight forward as it's a linear model.
Use the presentation below to help you complete the work sheet, the long box at the bottom of the sheet is for you to summarise the model (including how information is lost, especially in the STM - Displacement and Decay)
Characteristics of memory
It's important that you know the characteristics of memory -
You're likely to get a definition question or a one that asks you to identify one/all of the characteristics of memory so learn the definitions and learn the table below!!
Capacity - The amount of information that can be held by the memory store
Duration - The time that information can be held by the memory store
Encoding - The way information is processed/changed into a form that can be stored in the memory store
You can use the sheet below to work out the characteristics of your own STM
It's also important that you know how you would research the characteristics of memory -
Capacity - Digit span test (reading a list of numbers increasing in length until the individual can't remember - the last number of digits they could remember fully is the capacity of their STM)
Duration - Nonsense trigrams (give participants a nonsense trigram and a distraction task for a certain amount of time and ask for recall, last successful recall is the duration of STM)
Encoding - Similar & disimilar words (the disimilar words should be recalled with fewer errors as there'd be less confusion in the memory store)
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